How will a 5G base station affect energy costs?

According to the mobile telephone network (MTN), which is a multinational mobile telecommunications company, report (Walker, 2020), the dense layer of small cell and more antennas requirements will cause energy costs to grow because of up to twice or more power consumption of a 5G base station than the power of a 4G base station.

How can network densification improve the capacity of 5G networks?

Network densification, one of the key technologies in 5G, can significantly improve the network capacity through the installation of additional cellular small cell base stations (SCBSs) forming small cell networks (SCNs) using the spectrum reuse policy to meet the increasing demand (Samarakoon et al., 2016a).

Is 5G the future of mobile communication?

Currently, mobile communication is now entering into the era of fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks (Alsharif et al., 2019). It is expected that 5G networks are capable of providing 1000 fold network capacity and connecting trillions of devices.

How will 5G impact the environment?

The advent of the ultra-dense 5G network and a vast number of connected devices will bring about the obvious issues of significantly increased system energy consumption, operational expenses, and carbon dioxide emissions.

Is UDN a good option for a 5G network?

It should be noted that, although UDN can provide many benefits (e.g., high capacity, high data rate, high density, smooth hand-off, and better coverage), yet it requires enormous energy consumption which is considered as one of the major deployment hurdles of the 5G system (Mohr, 2015).